Humus (Latin humus “earth, soil”) is the main organic matter of the soil, containing nutrients necessary for higher plants. Humus makes up 85-90% of soil organic matter and is an important criterion in assessing its fertility.

Humus is a very stable high molecular weight organic substance. Humus is a specific soil group of substances. Humic substances are slowly formed in the soil from the products of destruction of plant residues. The fertility and quality of the soil depend on the humus content.

It is humus that provides plants with nutrients and absorbs and retains water in the soil. The more humus, the higher the yield potential. High humus content improves the water balance of the soil. Soils with good humus content warm up quickly and are well processed by machinery.

Humus has the ability to bind solid soil particles, turning them into crumbly lumps with pores, creates a conditionally loose soil structure, which increases its ability to absorb and retain moisture, and also affects the air permeability of the soil.

Humus colors the soil and promotes better absorption of solar energy. Humus improves the agrophysical properties of the soil (density, porosity, structure) and the water-air regime for grown plants. Humus neutralizes toxic substances and increases soil buffering capacity. Binds heavy metals and radionuclides in the soil, prevents plants from accumulating nitrates; provides a stable, high, environmentally friendly harvest. Acids and humic substances strengthen plants and promote their growth. Humus is also a source of nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus

The composition of humus includes both specific humic substances and nonspecific organic compounds formed as a result of the destruction of the tissues of dead organisms: proteins, amino acids, waxes, resins and low molecular weight organic acids, fragments of cellulose, lignin, chitin, etc.

Below the humus layer are less fertile layers. But the roots of many plants reach these layers. However, they receive all their nutrients from the humus layer.

Humus performs very important functions for soil formation and plant nutrition: Humus, as a result of decomposition, converts organic nutrients into a form accessible to plants: it contains most of all reserves of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur. It also increases the digestibility of mineral fertilizers.

Superhumus can be applied to open ground from early spring to late autumn. It is an organic fertilizer with prolonged action. Its effectiveness lasts for 5 years.